Apollo, a revolutionary new event-based direct detection camera for electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM). Based on a novel, next generation sensor and camera architecture that performs electron counting in hardware, Apollo is the highest throughput and highest performance direct detector for cryo-EM.
We designed this new sensor from the ground up, rethinking how electron counting is performed on direct detectors. Our lengthy experience in designing custom ultra-low noise direct detectors, together with feedback from leaders in the cryo-EM community, were instrumental in guiding this ambitious project.
Rather than the brute force software-based approach implemented in existing counting cameras, Apollo performs electron counting by identifying electron detection events on the sensor, centroiding each event in FPGA hardware, and generating super-resolution (67 megapixel) dose fractionated counted movies to be used for motion correction and other downstream cryo-EM image processing.
Apollo’s new approach of ultra-fast on-chip electron counting delivers a dramatic improvement in quality and speed, enabling counting with up to 10x higher beam brightness, and thus a 10x shorter exposure time than previous-generation direct detectors.
Combining Apollo’s speed with its excellent signal-to-noise performance, Apollo can operate over an extremely wide range of exposure rates. This introduces a paradigm shift for cryo-EM. Until now, cryo-EM experiments have been dictated by the camera, forcing users to set their imaging conditions based on the tight restrictions imposed by the camera (i.e., a specific electrons/pixel/frame value). Apollo changes that. It just works… regardless of exposure rate. For the first time, cryo-EM experiments can be set up based on the optimal conditions for their TEM column, their specimen, or their method.
The resulting advances in both imaging conditions and data throughput promise to profoundly increase the productivity of cryo-EM facilities and accelerate solutions in structural biology, drug discovery, and protein analysis.
The result is extraordinary: An elegant electron counting camera that not only delivers incredible performance, but does so at a reduced total system cost.
In an article in Microscopy and Analysis magazine, our applications team describe event-based detection, and why it is so beneficial for electron counting.
In a publication in Journal of Structural Biology: X, researchers at Florida State University demonstrate that Apollo significantly outperforms other direct detectors for Cryo-EM.
1.46 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of apoferritin (EMD-33707) from Apollo on a JEOL CRYO ARM 300 II, acquired at 12 e-/physical pixel/s (eps).
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